Lab-Grown Sapphire

The Same Mineral. A Different Origin.

Lab-grown sapphire is corundum grown in a laboratory. Iron and titanium in the crystal contribute to its blue colour. Its chemical composition, crystal structure and basic physical and optical properties are essentially the same as natural sapphire’s.

MINERAL SPECIES

Corundum

CHEMICAL FORMULA

Al₂O₃

REFRACTIVE INDEX

1.762–1.770

BIREFRINGENCE

0.008–0.010

SPECIFIC GRAVITY

≈4.00

MOHS HARDNESS

9

Typical reference values. Individual stones may vary.
Reference: GIA Gem Encyclopedia: Sapphire

How Lab-Grown Sapphire Is Made

From crystal growth to cutting and polishing.

01

Crystal Growth

Sapphire crystals grow in a laboratory using one of several methods.

02

Rough Blank

The crystal is cut into blanks for further shaping.

03

Precision Preform

Each blank is shaped to the planned cut and size.

04

Finished Gemstone

Facets are cut and polished to complete the stone.

Cut & Appearance

How Cutting Influences Sapphire's Appearance

A sapphire's shape, cutting proportions and facet arrangement influence how it reflects light and how its colour appears.

Even stones with similar colour may look different in brightness and contrast. Compare samples of similar size under the same lighting when selecting a cut for your design.

Explore BIG3 Sapphire Specifications

Browse established colour references, standard shapes, sizes and quality grades in the BIG3 Standard Program.

View Standard Program →